Ceramic vessel 1022.Cemetery of Cerro de los Vientos (Baeza, Jaén, Spain)

Bowl 1011 recovered from estructure 28 of the ritual area in the cemetery Cerro de los Vientos (Baeza, Jaén, Spain). Handmade ceramic vessel, reducing atmosphere and with post-firing decoration with red bands and black background. Analysis of red decoration by MRS and EDXRF indicate that hematite (Fe2O3) is the mineral responsible for the red color. The concentration of Fe in the pigment is 13.07% wt.The lipid content analysis has been performed using GC-MS obtaining a characteristic profile of beeswax: alkanes nC23 to nC33, long chain alcohols C24(OH) to C32(OH), palmitic acid wax esters W40 to W50).

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Dimensions

Materials

pottery

Temporal

: Orientalising

: 8th-7th BC

Spatial

: Cerro de los Vientos

: Puente del Obispo (Baeza, Jaén, Spain)

: WGS84

 

Copyrights

Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)

Digital Resources

  • Ceramic vessel 1022 Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
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  • Photo ritual estructure 28 Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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  • Raman spectrum of red decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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  • Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of black decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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    Arquiberlab
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  • GC-MS ceramic vessel 1022 Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Modelo realizado por “esTRESd”

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Activities

Archaeometric analysis

Spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis

Pottery. Analysis of decoration and contents

University Research Center for Iberian Archaeology

Raman Microscopy

Mineral analysis of the red and black decoration

Non destructive. Surface cleaning. Sample pretreatment is not required. Direct measurement.

MRS

Renishaw ‘in via’ Reflex Spectrometer coupled with a confocal Leica DM LM microscope (CICT, University of Jaén), equipped with an argon ion laser (514.5 nm, 25 mW), diode laser (785 nm, 300 mW), Peltier-cooled CCD detector, and calibrated to the 520.5 cm-1 line of silicon.

X-Ray Fluorescence

Elemental analysis of the red and black decoration

Non destructive. Surface cleaning. Sample pretreatment is not required. Direct measurement.

Energy dispersive X- ray fluorescence (EDXRF)

An energy dispersive X-ray microfluorescence spectrometer (M4 Tornado, Bruker) was used for this paper (CICT, University of Jaen). This spectrometer is equipped with a microfocus X-ray tube with an Rh anode, a polycapillary lens for X-ray focussing, and a 30-mm2 energy dispersive detector (SDD). The sample chamber incorporates an XYZ motorized stage for sample positioning. A high resolution microscope is used to position the sample on the desired distance from the polycapillary. To increase the sensitivity of the low Z elements, the sample chamber can be brought under vacuum. For the analysis of the samples, a spot size of 25 μm was chosen at an operating X-ray tube voltage of 50 kV and intensity of 600 μA. The tube current was adapted for each sample in order to optimise the detection of X-rays.

Gass Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Pottery. Lipids analysis

Destructive method for the identification of the total lipid profile: fatty acids, sterols, wax esters, fatty alcohols, triacylglycerols, etc. Any remains of soil were removed with an electric hand-drill. The sample was then grinded to the appropriate size in an agatha mortar (0.25 mm). Extraction with a the mixture chloroform/methanol (CHCl3:MeOH) (2:1 v/v) assisted by ultrasound. Derivatization of lipids to trimethylsilyl derivatives (TMS). The reaction tales place at 70 ºC for 30 min using N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1 % trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The sample is solved in cyclohexane and then injected in GC-MS. Chromatographic separation is performed applying an adequate temperature programme.

The analyses were performed using a using a gas chromatography equipment (model Thermo TraceGC Ultra) coupled to a Thermo DC Q II mass spectrometer. Autosampler Thermo Triplus (CICT, University of Jaén). The samples were introduced by on-column injection into a 15 m x 0.25 mm I.D. fused silica capillary column, coated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase with 0.1 μm film thickness. Helium was used as the carrier gas (purity 99.99%)

 

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