Ceramic vessel 209. Iberian sanctuary Piedra del Águila (Orcera, Jaén, Spain)

Ceramic fragment 209 (bowl) from UEC 4 of the Iberian sanctuary of Piedra del Águila (Orcera, Jaén, Spain). Wheelmade ceramic, oxidizing firing. It has no decoration. The analysis of lipid contents was carried out using GC-MS and HPLC-MS obtaining a lipid profile characteristic of ruminant animal fat and beeswax.

HPLC-MS analysis shows a P:S sn-2 index of 69/31 related to ruminant animal fat, just as GC-C-IRMS analysis indicates a ∆13C: -1.16.

The chemical markers of beeswax identified are: alkanes nC27 to nC33, long chain alcohols C24 (OH) to C32 (OH), esters of palmitic acid waxes W40-W50.

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Dimensions

: 11 Centimeters

: 6 Centimeters

Materials

pottery

Temporal

: Iberians, Iberian

: 3rd ct. BC

Spatial

: Piedra del Águila

: Orcera (Jaén, Spain)

: WGS84

 

Copyrights

Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)

Digital Resources

  • Ceramic vessel 209. Iberian sanctuary Piedra del Águila (Orcera, Jaén, Spain) Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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  • Photo. Interior of the sanctuary Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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  • GC-MS, ceramic vessel 209 Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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  • HPLC-MS, ceraic vessel 209 Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica

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Activities

Archaeometric analysis

Chromatographic analysis and structural determination

Pottery. Content analysis

University Research Center for Iberian Archaeology

Gass Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Pottery. Lipids analysis

Destructive method for the identification of the total lipid profile: fatty acids, sterols, wax esters, fatty alcohols, triacylglycerols, etc. Any remains of soil were removed with an electric hand-drill. The sample was then grinded to the appropriate size in an agatha mortar (0.25 mm). Extraction with a the mixture chloroform/methanol (CHCl3:MeOH) (2:1 v/v) assisted by ultrasound. Derivatization of lipids to trimethylsilyl derivatives (TMS). The reaction tales place at 70 ºC for 30 min using N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1 % trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The sample is solved in cyclohexane and then injected in GC-MS. Chromatographic separation is performed applying an adequate temperature programme.

Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

The analyses were performed using a using a gas chromatography equipment (model Thermo TraceGC Ultra) coupled to a Thermo DC Q II mass spectrometer. Autosampler Thermo Triplus (CICT, University of Jaén). The samples were introduced by on-column injection into a 15 m x 0.25 mm I.D. fused silica capillary column, coated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase with 0.1 μm film thickness. Helium was used as the carrier gas (purity 99.99%)

High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Pottery. Analyis of triacylglycerols

Destructive method for the identification of TAGs content. Any remains of soil were removed with an electric hand-drill. The sample was then grinded to the appropriate size in an agatha mortar (0.25 mm). Extraction with a the mixture chloroform/methanol (CHCl3:MeOH) (2:1 v/v) assisted by ultrasound. Derivatization is no needed. Lipid extract is solved in isopropanol and then injected in HPLC-APCI-MS. Chromatographic separation is performed applying an adequate mobile phase gradient (mixture of isopropanol and methanol).

High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Agilent 1290 Infinity HPLC system connected to an Agilent 6220 TOF (time-of-flight) mass spectrometer equipped with APCI (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization) interface. (Departement of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén). Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 1.8 μm particle size).

 

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