Tessera 1. Colonia Salaria (Úbeda, Jaén, Spain)

Black tessera from the Roman site of Colonia Salaria (Úbeda, Jaén, Spain). It belongs to an unidentified mosaic. Raman spectroscopy indicates the presence of aluminosilicates. Elemental analysis shows a major concentration of Si (55.92 wt%), Al (21.65 wt%), K (7.96 wt%), Ca (6.76 wt%), and Fe (4.61 wt%). Petrographic analysis reveals plagioclase (small crystals), pyroxenes, and opaque minerals (pyrite or magnetite). These data indicate that the original raw material was ophite/dolerite, rocks with high hardness and resistance, and dark green to black in color. These are subvolcanic rocks that appear in small, isolated outcrops among marls on the front of the Betic Cordillera or embedded in Triassic red clays. Numerous small outcrops of this type are found in the province of Jaén.
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Dimensions

: 1 Centimeters

: 0.8 Centimeters

: 1 Milimeters

Materials

Stone

Temporal

: Roman

: 1st-2nd century AD

Otros metadatos

Spatial

  • : Colonia Salaria-Úbeda La Vieja
  • : Úbeda, Jaén, España
  • : WGS84
 

Copyrights

Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)

References

Beltrán, J. y Baena, L. (1996): Arquitectura funeraria romana de la Colonia Salaria (Úbeda, Jaén): ensayo de sistematización de los monvmenta funerarios altoimperiales del Alto Guadalquivir. Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Cultura.

Fernández, S. (2022): El yacimiento de Ubeda la Vieja. Un estado de la cuestion sobre su situacion e historia.Locvber, 6: 153-165.

Gutiérrez, M., Moreno, Mª I., Vallés, J.Paulos, R. (2026): Mapping monumentality in a Roman colony: A non-invasive archaeological approach to the forum of Colonia Salaria (Spain), Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 72: 105785

Digital Resources

  • Tessera 1
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
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  • Colonia Salaria
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
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  • Tessera 1. Raman Analisis IUIAI-UJA
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
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  • IUIAI-UJA
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
    [ver más...] [ver menos]
  • Tessera 1. Thin section IUIAI-UJA
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
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Activities

  • Archaeometric analysis

Raman Microscopy

Mineralogical analysis

The tessera was sectioned to expose fresh, unaltered cross-section

Renishaw ‘in via’ Qontor Spectrometer coupled with a confocal Leica DM LM microscope (CICT, University of Jaén), equipped with a diode laser (785 nm, 300 mW), DPSS laser (532 nm, 50 mW) and a Peltier-cooled CCD detector, calibrated to the 520.5 cm-1 line of silicon.

X-Ray Fluorescence

Elemental analysis

The tessera was sectioned to expose fresh, unaltered cross-section

EDAX (model Eagle III) fluorescence spectrometer (CITI, University of Seville). This spectrometer is equipped with a microfocus X-ray tube with an Rh anode, a polycapillary lens for X-ray focussing, and an 80 mm2 energy dispersive Si-(Li) detector. The sample chamber incorporates an XYZ motorized stage for sample positioning. A high resolution microscope is used to position the sample on the desired distance from the polycapillary. To increase the sensitivity of the low Z elements, the sample chamber can be brought under vacuum. For the analysis of the samples, a spot size of 300 μm was chosen at an operating X-ray tube voltage of 40 kV. The tube current was adapted for each sample in order to optimise the detection of X-rays.

Petrographic analysis

Visual characterization (5X handheld magnifying glass) and reaction with HCl to determine its carbonate nature. Preparation of a thin section.

Leica DM4P polarization microscope equipped with a Leica DFC450C camera.
 

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