Wall painting with a Lar (Cástulo, Linares, Spain)

Wall fragment decorated with the figure of a Lar (Roman household divinity) from room 6 of building D in Cástulo (Linares, Spain). The analyzes carried out by MRS and EDXRF indicate that the red background decoration was made with hematite (Fe2O3), the yellow one with goethite [FeO (OH)] and the green one with a mix of green earth (celadonite or glauconite) and Egyptian blue (CaCuSi4O10). The white and brown of the clothes were obtained with calcite (CaCO3) in the first case, and mixing hematite and amorphous carbon in the second. Cinnabar (HgS) was applied to the arms and face to reproduce the pinkish tone of the skin. This last aspect becomes evident with the surface analysis carried out by EDXRF.

New product

Dimensions

: 31 Centimeters

: 42 Centimeters

Materials

Painting

Temporal

: Roman

: Late 1st ct.-2nd ct. AD

Spatial

: Cástulo

: Linares, Jaén, Spain

: WGS84

 

Copyrights

Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)

References

Tuñón, J., Sánchez, A., Parras, D.J., Amate, P., Montejo, M., Ceprián, B. (2020): “The colours of Rome in the walls of Cástulo (Linares, Spain)”. Scientific Report, 10 (1):12739.

Castro, M. (coord.) (2014): Cástulo en movimiento: Avances del proyecto Forvm MMX (2011-2012). Revista Siete Esquinas, 6. Número monográfico.

Digital Resources

  • Wall painting decorated with a Lar Conjunto arqueológico de Cástulo-Forum MMX

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Location of the main areas and cemeteries of Cástulo Conjunto arqueológico de Cástulo-Forum MMX

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    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Building D and room 6 Conjunto arqueológico de Cástulo-Forum MMX

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the red decoration Instituto Univesitario de investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the yellow decoration Instituto Univesitario de investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the green decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the Egyptian blue in the green decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the brown decoration (hematite and amorphous carbon) Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrum of the white decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Raman spectrun of the pink decoration Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén.

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
  • EDXRF elemental analysis. Hg and Sr mapping. Instituto Univesitario de investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén

    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

Activities

Archaemetric analysis

Physical-chemical analysis

Wall painting. Decoration analysis

University Research Center for Iberian Archaeology

Raman Microscopy

Mineral analysis

Non destructive. Surface cleaning. Sample pretreatment is not required. Direct measurement.

Micro-Raman Spectroscopy (MRS)

Renishaw ‘in via’ Qontor Spectrometer coupled with a confocal Leica DM LM microscope (SCAI, University of Málaga), equipped with a solid state laser (473 nm, 25 mW), a Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 50 mW) and a diode laser (785 nm, 300 mW), and a Peltier-cooled CCD detector, calibrated to the 520.5 cm-1 line of silicon.

X-Ray Fluorescence

Elemental analysis

Non destructive. Surface cleaning. Sample pretreatment is not required. Direct measurement.

Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF)

An energy dispersive X-ray microfluorescence spectrometer (M4 Tornado, Bruker) (CICT, University of Jaen). This spectrometer is equipped with a microfocus X-ray tube with an Rh anode, a polycapillary lens for X-ray focussing, and a 30-mm2 energy dispersive detector (SDD). The sample chamber incorporates an XYZ motorized stage for sample positioning. A high resolution microscope is used to position the sample on the desired distance from the polycapillary. To increase the sensitivity of the low Z elements, the sample chamber can be brought under vacuum. For the analysis of the samples, a spot size of 25 μm was chosen at an operating X-ray tube voltage of 50 kV and intensity of 600 μA. The tube current was adapted for each sample in order to optimise the detection of X-rays.

 

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