Amphora 10-Q. Oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén, Spain)

Amphora deposited in space Q (inventory no. 2103), under the oven of building A of the palatial complex of the oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén, Spain). In building A there was an area dedicated to production in which the existence of a kitchen space, fireplaces, an area for the manufacture of bread and a possible press have been documented. These spaces underwent modifications in the 3rd century BC, the area related to bread disappearing and a large semicircular oven appeared, of which only the base remains. Under it a pit was made to carry out a foundation ritual in which this amphora was buried. The analysis by GC-MS and HPLC-MS has made it possible to identify the chemical markers of beeswax and a fat of vegetable origin. For beeswax, the indicators detected are alkanes (nC27 to nC29), fatty alcohols [C24 (OH) to C34 (OH)] and wax esters (W42 to W52). In the case of vegetable-based fat, the triacylglycerols associated with this type of fat would be PoPoPo, LLL, PoPPo, PPoP, LLP, LLO, PoPO, LPO, OLO, POP, OPO, OOP, OOO, POS, OOS.
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Dimensions

: 90 Centimeters

: 40 Centimeters

Materials

pottery

Temporal

: Iberian

: 3rd ct. BC

Otros metadatos

Spatial

  • : Oppidum de Puente Tablas
  • : Puente tablas, Jaén, Spain
  • : WGS84
 

Copyrights

Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)

References

Ruiz, A., Molinos, M., Rueda, C. y Fernández, R. (2015):" El palacio y el urbanismo del oppidum de Puente Tablas", en A. Ruiz y M. Molinos: Jaén, tierra ibera 40 años de investigación y transferencia. Universidad de Jaén. Pp. 107-118.

Sánchez, A., Parras D. J., Tuñón, J.A., Rísquez, C., Rodríguez, Mª O. Montejo, M., Ramos, N., García, J. F. y Márquez, F. (2014): “Physical-chemical analysis for the research and the valorisation of the oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén, Spain)”, en M.A. Rogerio (ed.): Science, Technology and Cultural Heritage. Taylor %26 Francis Group. London. Pp. 103–108.

Digital Resources

  • Amphora 10-Q Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
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  • Aerial view of the oppidum of Puente Tablas Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén
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  • Orthophoto of the palace Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén
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    Arquiberlab
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  • GC-MS of the amphora 10-Q Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
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  • HPLC-MS of the amphora 10-Q Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología Ibérica. Universidad de Jaén
    Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (BY-NC-ND)
    Arquiberlab
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
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Activities

  • Archaeometric analysis
  • Chromatographic analysis and structural determination
  • Pottery. Content analysis

University Research Center for Iberian Archaeology

Gass Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Pottery. Lipids analysis

Destructive method for the identification of the total lipid profile: fatty acids, sterols, wax esters, fatty alcohols, triacylglycerols, etc. Any remains of soil were removed with an electric hand-drill. The sample was then grinded to the appropriate size in an agatha mortar (0.25 mm). Extraction with a the mixture chloroform/methanol (CHCl3:MeOH) (2:1 v/v) assisted by ultrasound. Derivatization of lipids to trimethylsilyl derivatives (TMS). The reaction tales place at 70 ºC for 30 min using N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1 % trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The sample is solved in cyclohexane and then injected in GC-MS. Chromatographic separation is performed applying an adequate temperature programme.

Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

The analyses were performed using a using a gas chromatography equipment (model Thermo TraceGC Ultra) coupled to a Thermo DC Q II mass spectrometer. Autosampler Thermo Triplus (CICT, University of Jaén). The samples were introduced by on-column injection into a 15 m x 0.25 mm I.D. fused silica capillary column, coated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase with 0.1 μm film thickness. Helium was used as the carrier gas (purity 99.99%).

High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Pottery. Analysis of triacylglycerols

Destructive method for the identification of TAGs content. Any remains of soil were removed with an electric hand-drill. The sample was then grinded to the appropriate size in an agatha mortar (0.25 mm). Extraction with a the mixture chloroform/methanol (CHCl3:MeOH) (2:1 v/v) assisted by ultrasound. Derivatization is no needed. Lipid extract is solved in isopropanol and then injected in HPLC-APCI-MS. Chromatographic separation is performed applying an adequate mobile phase gradient (mixture of isopropanol and methanol).

High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS)

Agilent 1290 Infinity HPLC system connected to an Agilent 6220 TOF (time-of-flight) mass spectrometer equipped with APCI (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization) interface. (Departement of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén). Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 1.8 μm particle size).
 

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